Estudo de retalho pré-fabricado composto de pele abdominal e vasos gastromentais em arco em coelho / Study of composite prefabricated flap of abdominal skin and gastromental vessels in arc on rabbits

Os autores realizaram um modelo de retalho abdominalpré-fabricado, utilizando os vasos gastromentais. Dezoitocoelhos foram divididos em três grupos iguais. No grupo um, controle, um fragmento de tecido cutâneo quadrangularabdominal foi excisado e suturado de volta. No grupo dois, vasos gastromentais foram dissecados e suturados na fáscia muscular superficial. Após 15 dias, um retalho quadrangular abdominal de 10x10 cm foi elevado ediculado apenas no arco das artérias gastromentais. No grupo três, foi repetido o procedimento do grupo dois, entretanto, com um intervalo de 60 dias entre a primeira e segunda cirurgia. Houve necrose total em todos do grupo controle, necrose parcial em média de 54,33 cm2 de área do retalho, no grupo dois e ausência de necrose, no grupo três. Os autores demonstraram a viabilidade de pré-fabricar retalhos de dimensões consideráveis, baseadosno pedículo dos vasos gastromentais em arco.

Topographic and functional neuroanatomical study of GABAergic disinhibitory striatum-nigral inputs and inhibitory nigrocollicular pathways: neural hodology recruiting the substantia nigra, pars reticulata, for the modulation of the neural activity in the inferior colliculus involved with panic-like emotions.

Considering the influence of the substantia nigra on mesencephalic neurons involved with fear-induced reactions organized in rostral aspects of the dorsal midbrain, the present work investigated the topographical and functional neuroanatomy of similar influence on caudal division of the corpora quadrigemina, addressing: (a) the neural hodology connecting the neostriatum, the substantia nigra, periaqueductal gray matter and inferior colliculus (IC) neural networks; (b) the influence of the inhibitory neostriatonigral-nigrocollicular GABAergic links on the control of the defensive behavior organized in the IC. The effects of the increase or decrease of activity of nigrocollicular inputs on defensive responses elicited by either electrical or chemical stimulation of the IC were also determined. Electrolytic or chemical lesions of the substantia nigra, pars reticulata (SNpr), decreased the freezing and escape behaviors thresholds elicited by electrical stimulation of the IC, and increased the behavioral responses evoked by the GABAA blockade in the same sites of the mesencephalic tectum (MT) electrically stimulated. These findings were corroborated by similar effects caused by microinjections of the GABAA-receptor agonist muscimol in the SNpr, followed by electrical and chemical stimulations of the IC. The GABAA blockade in the SNpr caused a significant increase in the defensive behavior thresholds elicited by electrical stimulation of the IC and a decrease in the mean incidence of panic-like responses induced by microinjections of bicuculline in the mesencephalic tectum (inferior colliculus). These findings suggest that the substantia nigra receives GABAergic inputs that modulate local and also inhibitory GABAergic outputs toward the IC. In fact, neurotracing experiments with fast blue and iontophoretic microinjections of biotinylated dextran amine either into the inferior colliculus or in the reticular division of the substantia nigra demonstrated a neural link between these structures, as well as between the neostriatum and SNpr.

Fechamento de feridas por tração cutânea intra-operatória: análise de 23 casos/Wound closure by intraoperative skin traction: analysis of 23 cases

O presente trabalho apresenta casuística de 23 casos submetidos a uma técnica nova e simples para fechamento de feridas cutâneas através da tração cíclica e contínua de suas margens, em curto período de tempo. A técnica permite o fechamento primário das feridas, evitando procedimentos mais invasivos como enxertos ou retalhos.O procedimento utiliza material de baixo custo, como fio de Prolene 2TM e um cateter fino, em contraposição a técnicas com finalidade similar que necessitam de aparelhos específicos (Sure-ClosureTM) e com custo diversas vezes maior. Além do baixo custo e da fácil execução, ela pode ser realizada em caráter ambulatorial, apresentando baixos índices de complicação e morbidade e com bons resultados clínicos

Capsulectomy without capsulotomy for treating capsule contractures / A capsulectomia sem capsulotomia no tratamento das contraturas capsulares

The increase in the utilization of silicone breast implants for recontruction and cosmetic purposes, has led to a great deal of discussion as to the possible complications resulting from their presence in the body. Some of the problems are related to the fibrous capsule (capsule contracture) and/or to the patient's immunologic response. The authors propose the utilization of an easily approachable technique for changing or removing breast implants, by removing the capsule and implant in one piece, the so-called "capsulectomy without capsulotomy". The objective of the study is to describe the procedure in detail, showing its advantages and risks and correlate data with the pertinent literature.